A Study to Assess the emotional Response and coping Strategies of care giver Worked in covid-19 department at Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad
Mrs. Asha N. Patel
Lecturer Class- II, Gujarat Institute of Nursing Education & Research, Ahmedabad.
*Corresponding Author Email: ashapatel.17@gmail.com
ABSTRACT:
Background: Care givers, who are the front-line health workers during Covid-19 outbreak. Their emotional responses and adaptation of coping strategies are very important for health of themselves as well health services. Logically care givers emotional response and coping strategies measures their emotional well-being which also affects their work productivity. Hence, this study is undertaken to assess the emotional response and coping strategies of care givers in Covid-19 department at Civil hospital, Ahmedabad. Aims and objectives: To assess the emotional response and coping strategies of care givers worked in Covid-19 department at Civil hospital, Ahmedabad. To assess the association between emotional response and demographic variables, coping strategies and demographic variables. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted among 100 care givers worked in Covid-19 department at Civil hospital, Ahmedabad using Random sampling technique. Data were obtained using structured rating scale and checklist to assess emotional response and coping strategies of care givers. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze demographic data, rating scale and checklist. Results and Conclusions: The study reveled that majority of 73% of caregivers had emotionally strong response and 86% of caregivers adopted healthy coping strategies. Study also revealed that there is significant association between selected emotional responses and selected demographic variables. Also significant association between coping strategies and selected demographic variables.
KEYWORDS: Emotional Response, Care Giver, covid-19 department.
1. BACKGROUND OF STUDY:
Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is defined as illness caused by a novel corona virus now called severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus–2 (SARS-COV- 2; formerly called 2019 – n COV), which was first identified aim an outbreak of respiratory illness cases in Wuhan City, Hubei province, China. It was initially reported to the WHO on December 31, 2019. On January 30, 2020 the WHO declared the COVID-19 outbreak a global health emergency.
Corona viruses are a large family of viruses that are common in people and many different species of animals, including camels, cattle, cats and bats. Rarely, animal corona viruses can infect people and then spread between people, such as with MERS-COV, SARS-COV, and now with this new virus, SARS-COV-2.
SARS-COV-2 is believed to spread primarily via respiratory droplets. That are transmitted from person to person who are in close contact. Virus released in respiratory secretions (E.g. during Coughing, Sneezing, Talking) can infect other individuals via contact with mucus membranes. Many symptoms are occurred in COVID-19 like fever, chills, cough, fatigue, body aches, loss of taste, sore throat, running nose, nausea or vomiting, diarrhea.
According to WHO, more than 22 thousand health care workers are infected by corona virus, globally. The COVID-19 pandemic is not just a physical health threat, but may also be triggering a mental health epidemic, and a big concern for the health care workers – in our case COVID warriors. Around 72.8 Million peoples affected by COVID19 in all over world. In India 9.91 Million peoples affected by COVID-19. In Gujrat 229K peoples affected by COVID-19.
As the nurses are in close contact with infected patients who can pass on the disease to them, they are worried about infecting their own family and friends. Lack of proper personal protective equipment (PPE) was a big concern for quite a few weeks.
Though now the availability of PPEs may not be an issue, the medical staff attending COVID-19 patients have to wear the full range of PPE, often for long hours without being able to take a break because they risk infection by removing the PPEs.
As the disease is highly contagious, can be fatal in severe cases, and there are no specific medicines, it poses a huge threat to the life and health of nurses, leading to severe impact on their emotional response and coping strategies.
Presently in comparison to the top six affected countries viz USA, Italy, Spain, China, Germany and Iran, in India have lesser capacity to serve patients, with a population of 1.2 billion, India has only 118 Government approved testing laboratories, 1.1363 beds per thousand patients (China has 4.2) and more than one million tests done. On the countrary, India has the highest recovery rate of 41.39% as compared to Italy (16.91%) and USA (3.17%) which is the direct effect of lockdown.
A study published in the journal frontiers in psychiatry, reports 36% of medical staff responding to COVID-19 suffer from insomnia. Frontline staff, who had education of high school or less, had a 2.7 times higher risk of insomnia than doctors. The health care workers after their hospital shifts are also more likely to feel depressed, anxious and have stress based trauma.
In another study conducted to assess the impact on mental health of the health care workers, published in JAMA network open, reports distress as the highest concern (71.5%), followed by depression (50.4%), anxiety (44.6%), and insomnia (34.0%).
Women and frontline health care workers reported more severe mental health symptoms across all dimensions.
For the administrative heads in hospitals it is often a challenge to motivate the health care workers and to get their team together committed to serving COVID patients. Dr. Anjan trikha, chairman of COVID center AIIMS, said in an interview, “The concerns are the same at all levels. Everybody is afraid. And they are working in an infected atmosphere. There is a fear, and this is the biggest challenge.”
3. OBJECTIVES:
1. To assess the Emotional response of care givers worked in COVID-19 department at Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad.
2. To assess the coping strategies adopted by care givers worked in COVID-19 department at Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad.
3. To find out association between emotional responses with selected demographic variables.
4. To find out association between coping strategies with selected demographic variables.
1. There will be poor coping strategies adopted by care giver in COVID-19 department.
2. There will be good coping strategies adopted by care giver in COVID-19 department.
3. There will be strong emotional response of care giver in COVID-19 department.
4. There will be weak emotional response of care giver in COVID-19 department.
5. There will be significant association between coping strategies with selected demographic variables.
6. There will be significant association between emotional response with selected demographic variables.
1. Assess:
In this study the word assess refer as the way of finding out the emotional problems of the care giver due to COVID-19.
2. Emotional Response:
An emotional response is the reaction of the body to a situation primarily given by COVID-19 outbreak. (upset, temper, worried, mood swings, afraid, unable to concentrate, emotional imbalance, fear of death and fear of illness)
3. Coping Strategies:
The coping strategies are sharing emotion, social and spiritual support, positive cognition, problem solving, avoidance and acceptance used by care giver to manage various emotional problems occur due to outbreak of COVID-19.
4. Care Giver:
It refers to Registered Nurse, Registered Midwife worked in COVID- 19 department at Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad.
5. Covid-19:
Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is defined as illness caused by a novel corona virus now called severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2(SARS- COV-2).
The study is limited to,
1. Who worked in Covid-19 Hospital (1200 Bed) at Civil campus.
2. Only upset, temper, worried, mood swings, afraid, unable to concentrate, emotional imbalance, Fear of death and fear of illness are included in an emotional response.
3. The sample of study is 100 only.
4. The staff who willing to participate in the study.
5. Who is available during data collection.
Figure: 1 Conceptual framework based on Calistta Roy’s model (1976)
Figure : 2 Schematic representation of research design to assess the emotional response and coping strategies of care giver worked in COVID-19 department at Civil hospital, Ahmedabad
SECTION : 1
· Majority of 68% of care givers are 20-30 age group.
· Majority 88% of care givers are female.
· Majority of 77% of care givers had G.N.M. qualification.
· Majority of 74% of care givers had 0-10 years of experience.
· Majority of 61% care givers belongs to joint family.
· Majority of 58% care givers were married.
· Majority of 68% of care givers had good team support.
· Majority of 73% of care givers had Emotionally Strong responses, while 27% of them had Emotionally weak responses.
· Analysis and interpretation respondent's data for association of emotional response with demographic variables. Results shown at 0.05 level of significance, there is association between team support and emotional response.
· Majority of 86% of care givers adopted a healthy coping strategies while 14% of care givers had adopted an unhealthy coping strategies.
· Analysis and interpretation of data of respondents for association of coping strategies with demographic variables, results shown that at 0.05 level of significance there is association between education and coping strategies of respondents.
From the above findings it was considered that the majority care givers who worked in Covid-19 department, Ahmedabad were responds emotionally strong and adopted a healthy coping strategies.
Based on findings following recommendations are prepared for the future nursing research;
· A similar study can be conducted in a large scale in order to get broader generalization.
· A study can be done among patient attendants and class 4 workers.
· A study can be done as a descriptive study in private hospitals.
· A study can be done as qualitative study on post psychological effect on Covid-19 patient.
· A study can be done among nursing students about their knowledge and awareness regarding Covid-19.
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Received on 02.02.2021 Modified on 01.03.2021
Accepted on 21.03.2021 ©A&V Publications All right reserved
Asian J. Nursing Education and Research. 2021; 11(3):340-344.
DOI: 10.52711/2349-2996.2021.00082